Konvergensi Dan Divergensi Tazkiyatun Nafs Dan Character Strengths: Sintesis Untuk Pengembangan Karakter Holistik
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.65244/jggm.v1i2.442Keywords:
Tazkiyatun Nafs, Kekuatan Karakter, Psikologi Positif, Tasawuf, Pengembangan Karakter, Integrasi Spiritual, Perkembangan MoralAbstract
Tinjauan sistematis ini mengkaji titik-titik konvergensi dan divergensi antara konsep Tasawuf tazkiyatun nafs (penyucian jiwa) dan pendekatan character strengths dalam psikologi positif. Pencarian literatur komprehensif dilakukan melalui platform Consensus yang mengakses lebih dari 170 juta publikasi ilmiah. Dari 937 studi yang teridentifikasi, setelah melalui proses penyaringan dan penilaian eligibilitas, sebanyak 50 makalah dipilih untuk dianalisis secara mendalam. Hasil tinjauan menunjukkan bahwa kedua kerangka kerja sama-sama bertujuan membina pengembangan moral dan kesejahteraan manusia melalui kultivasi kebajikan. Namun demikian, keduanya berakar pada pandangan dunia yang secara fundamental berbeda: tazkiyatun nafs berlandaskan kerangka spiritual-teosentris, sementara character strengths berpijak pada paradigma sekuler-humanistik. Konvergensi utama ditemukan pada kebajikan inti yang sama seperti kesabaran, syukur, dan kerendahan hati yang dalam kedua tradisi berfungsi sebagai faktor protektif bagi kesehatan mental. Sebaliknya, perbedaan signifikan muncul pada aspek epistemologi, metodologi, dan tujuan akhir. Tazkiyatun nafs menekankan transendensi spiritual dan penyelarasan diri dengan kehendak Ilahi, sedangkan character strengths memprioritaskan validasi empiris dan pencapaian flourishing dalam kerangka kerja sekuler. Upaya integrasi kedua pendekatan menunjukkan potensi yang menjanjikan, khususnya dalam konteks pendidikan dan intervensi terapeutik. Namun demikian, isu validitas pengukuran terutama dalam menangkap dimensi spiritual secara autentik masih menjadi tantangan krusial. Tinjauan ini mengidentifikasi kesenjangan penelitian yang ada dan mengusulkan arah penelitian masa depan menuju pendekatan pengembangan karakter yang holistik, terintegrasi, dan sensitif secara budaya.
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